MediaManipulationRatingEnumeration

Values

Use one of these as the value, written as https://schema.org/DecontextualizedContent or just DecontextualizedContent.

DecontextualizedContent

Content coded 'missing context' in a MediaReview, considered in the context of how it was published or shared. For a VideoObject to be 'missing context': Presenting unaltered video in an inaccurate manner that misrepresents the footage. For example, using incorrect dates or locations, altering the transcript or sharing brief clips from a longer video to mislead viewers. (A video rated 'original' can also be missing context.) For an ImageObject to be 'missing context': Presenting unaltered images in an inaccurate manner to misrepresent the image and mislead the viewer. For example, a common tactic is using an unaltered image but saying it came from a different time or place. (An image rated 'original' can also be missing context.) For an ImageObject with embedded text to be 'missing context': An unaltered image presented in an inaccurate manner to misrepresent the image and mislead the viewer. For example, a common tactic is using an unaltered image but saying it came from a different time or place. (An 'original' image with inaccurate text would generally fall in this category.) For an AudioObject to be 'missing context': Unaltered audio presented in an inaccurate manner that misrepresents it. For example, using incorrect dates or locations, or sharing brief clips from a longer recording to mislead viewers. (Audio rated “original” can also be missing context.)

EditedOrCroppedContent

Content coded 'edited or cropped content' in a MediaReview, considered in the context of how it was published or shared. For a VideoObject to be 'edited or cropped content': The video has been edited or rearranged. This category applies to time edits, including editing multiple videos together to alter the story being told or editing out large portions from a video. For an ImageObject to be 'edited or cropped content': Presenting a part of an image from a larger whole to mislead the viewer. For an ImageObject with embedded text to be 'edited or cropped content': Presenting a part of an image from a larger whole to mislead the viewer. For an AudioObject to be 'edited or cropped content': The audio has been edited or rearranged. This category applies to time edits, including editing multiple audio clips together to alter the story being told or editing out large portions from the recording.

OriginalMediaContent

Content coded 'as original media content' in a MediaReview, considered in the context of how it was published or shared. For a VideoObject to be 'original': No evidence the footage has been misleadingly altered or manipulated, though it may contain false or misleading claims. For an ImageObject to be 'original': No evidence the image has been misleadingly altered or manipulated, though it may still contain false or misleading claims. For an ImageObject with embedded text to be 'original': No evidence the image has been misleadingly altered or manipulated, though it may still contain false or misleading claims. For an AudioObject to be 'original': No evidence the audio has been misleadingly altered or manipulated, though it may contain false or misleading claims.

SatireOrParodyContent

Content coded 'satire or parody content' in a MediaReview, considered in the context of how it was published or shared. For a VideoObject to be 'satire or parody content': A video that was created as political or humorous commentary and is presented in that context. (Reshares of satire/parody content that do not include relevant context are more likely to fall under the “missing context” rating.) For an ImageObject to be 'satire or parody content': An image that was created as political or humorous commentary and is presented in that context. (Reshares of satire/parody content that do not include relevant context are more likely to fall under the “missing context” rating.) For an ImageObject with embedded text to be 'satire or parody content': An image that was created as political or humorous commentary and is presented in that context. (Reshares of satire/parody content that do not include relevant context are more likely to fall under the “missing context” rating.) For an AudioObject to be 'satire or parody content': Audio that was created as political or humorous commentary and is presented in that context. (Reshares of satire/parody content that do not include relevant context are more likely to fall under the “missing context” rating.)

StagedContent

Content coded 'staged content' in a MediaReview, considered in the context of how it was published or shared. For a VideoObject to be 'staged content': A video that has been created using actors or similarly contrived. For an ImageObject to be 'staged content': An image that was created using actors or similarly contrived, such as a screenshot of a fake tweet. For an ImageObject with embedded text to be 'staged content': An image that was created using actors or similarly contrived, such as a screenshot of a fake tweet. For an AudioObject to be 'staged content': Audio that has been created using actors or similarly contrived.

TransformedContent

Content coded 'transformed content' in a MediaReview, considered in the context of how it was published or shared. For a VideoObject to be 'transformed content': or all of the video has been manipulated to transform the footage itself. This category includes using tools like the Adobe Suite to change the speed of the video, add or remove visual elements or dub audio. Deepfakes are also a subset of transformation. For an ImageObject to be 'transformed content': Adding or deleting visual elements to give the image a different meaning with the intention to mislead. For an ImageObject with embedded text to be 'transformed content': Adding or deleting visual elements to give the image a different meaning with the intention to mislead. For an AudioObject to be 'transformed content': Part or all of the audio has been manipulated to alter the words or sounds, or the audio has been synthetically generated, such as to create a sound-alike voice.

Properties (14)

MediaManipulationRatingEnumeration adds no properties of its own; it uses the ones below.

Where MediaManipulationRatingEnumeration is used as a value

These properties expect a MediaManipulationRatingEnumeration: mediaAuthenticityCategory.